Common Myths about Breastfeeding in Emergencies

Many people believe that breastfeeding is difficult – or even impossible – in emergency situations or fragile contexts. While some concerns come from lived experience, most are based on myths or misunderstandings. The truth is that breastfeeding is not only possible during emergencies, it is often the safest and most reliable way to feed infants when clean water and health services are limited.

Below are some common myths – and the facts to help dispel them.

MYTH 1: Malnourished mothers cannot breastfeed

Fact: Even malnourished mothers can breastfeed in nearly all cases. However, mothers should be provided with extra food and fluids to rebuild their own nutrient stores and be encouraged to breastfeed very frequently. Moderate malnutrition has little or no impact on milk production. Only in cases of severe malnutrition might milk supply be reduced – at which point the mother herself should receive urgent nutritional support while continuing to breastfeed.

A simple principle applies: “Feed the mother so she can feed the baby.” It is far safer and more cost-effective to nourish the mother than to expose the infant to the risks associated with use of breastmilk substitutes.

MYTH 2: Stress stops breastmilk production

Fact: Stress does not stop milk production, but it can slow the flow of milk. This might make babies seem fussy or unsettled during feeds, leading to the false belief that there is not enough milk. Frequent breastfeeding helps overcome this, and skin-to-skin contact supports milk flow.

Importantly, breastfeeding releases calming hormones for both mother and baby – offering emotional comfort during stressful times.

MYTH 3: Mothers think they are not producing enough milk 

Fact: Many mothers worry their milk supply is too low – especially when their breasts feel soft or babies want to feed often. Milk supply is driven by demand, and a mother produces enough milk to feed her baby if she breastfeeds frequently and for as long as the baby wants at each feed. Her breasts may seem soft and 'empty' but they are producing milk. 

MYTH 4: Babies with diarrhoea need water or tea

Fact: Breastmilk is 90% water and provides all the hydration a baby needs – along with vital nutrients and immune protection. Giving other fluids like water or tea can introduce harmful bacteria, especially in settings where clean water is limited or unavailable.

Only in cases of severe diarrhoea might additional rehydration fluids be needed – always alongside continued breastfeeding.

MYTH 5: Breastfeeding cannot be restarted once stopped

Fact: Breastfeeding can be resumed even after a pause. With frequent skin-to-skin contact, regular breastfeeding, and encouragement, many women can rebuild their milk supply – a process known as relactation. 

This is often easier when the baby is under six months old, but mothers of previously breastfed babies up to 12 months can successfully relactate with support. Skilled counselling makes a significant difference.

Learn how World Vision protects and promotes breastfeeding and Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies.